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TODAY.APR
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1991-04-18
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S0401 April Fool's Day
S0401 Saint Stupid's Day (a San Francisco tradition since 1980).
R0401 7"Spring Forward" one hour at 2am for Daylight Savings Time.
S04011778 Oliver Pollock, a New Orleans Businessman, creates the "$".
S04011850 San Francisco County Government established.
S04011853 Cincinnati became first US city with salaried firefighters
B04011883 Lon Chaney, man of a thousand faces
S04011918 Royal Air Force established
S04011952 "Big Bang" theory published by Alpher, Bethe and Gamow
S04011960 TIROS I (Television and Infra-Red Observation Satellite) launched
S04011960Cto improve weather prediction.
S04011964 USSR launches Zond 1 towards Venus
S04011971 US/Canada ISIS II launched to study ionosphere
S04011979 Iran proclaimed an Islamic Republic following fall of the Shah
S0402 International Children's Book Day
R0402 7"Spring Forward" one hour at 2am for Daylight Savings Time.
B0402 742 Emperor Charlemagne
S04021513 Florida discovered, claimed for Spain by Ponce de León
S04021792 Congress establishes Coin denominations and authorizes US Mint
B04021875 Walter Chrysler, founded a car company.
B04021914 Sir Alec Guiness, thespian
B04021920 Jack Webb, "Just the facts ma'am."
B04021924 Doris Day, girl next door
S04021935 Watson Watt granted a patent for RADAR.
S04021958 NACA renamed NASA
S04021972 Apollo 16's Young and Duke land on the moon and hot-rod with
S04021972Cthe Boeing Lunar Rover #2
R0403 7"Spring Forward" one hour at 2am for Daylight Savings Time.
B04031783 Washington Irving, writer (Legend of Sleepy Hollow)
B04031904 Sally Rand, actress, ecdysiast, fan dancer
S04031910 Highest mountain in North America, Alaska's Mt McKinley climbed
B04031924 Marlon Brando, godfather
S04031948 Harry Truman signs Marshall Plan (Aid to Europe)
S04031966 USSR's Luna 10 becomes the first craft to orbit the Moon
S04031982 UN Security Council demands Argentina withdraw from Falklands.
R0404 7"Spring Forward" one hour at 2am for Daylight Savings Time.
B04041802 Dorothea Dix, social reformer
S04041818 Congress decided US flag is 13 red and white stripes and 20 stars
B04041823 Karl Wilhelm Siemens, inventor, laid undersea cables
B04041826 Zénobe Théophile Gramme, invented electric motor
S04041860 Pony Express begins service, from St. Joseph, Missouri.
S04041870 Golden Gate Park established by City Order #800.
S04041902 Cecil Rhodes scholarship fund established with $10 million
B04041922 Elmer Bernstein, movie music composer
S04041949 NATO established
S04041983 Maiden voyage of STS Space shuttle Challenger
R0405 7"Spring Forward" one hour at 2am for Daylight Savings Time.
B04051588 Thomas Hobbes, philosopher
S04051614 Indian princess Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe
B04051649 Elihu Yale, philanthropist who founded Yale
B04051725 Casanova, beloved by many ladies
B04051856 Booker T. Washington, influential Black educator.
B04051908 Bette Davis, actress, (Jezebel)
B04051908 Herbert von Karajan, Berlin Philharmonic conductor
B04051954 Michael W. Butler, creator of mainframe TODAY program.
S04051973 Pioneer 11 blasts off toward Jupiter
S04051991 Atlantis lifts off carrying the 17.5 ton Gamma Ray Observatory.
R0406 7"Spring Forward" one hour at 2am for Daylight Savings Time.
S0406 648 BC Earliest total solar eclipse chronicled by Greeks is observed
B04061483 Raffaello Santi (Raphael), Italian painter and architect
S04061663 Kings Charles II signs Carolina Charter
B04061773 James Mill, philosopher, historian, economist
B04061810 Philip Henry Gosse, invented the institutional aquarium
S04061862 Battle of Shiloh.
S04061868 Brigham Young marries number 27, his final wife.
B04061890 Anthony Herman Gerard Fokker, pioneer aircraft manufacturer
B04061892 Donald Wills Douglas, founded an aircraft company.
B04061892 Lowell Thomas, journalist
S04061896 First modern Olympics
B04061903 Harold Edgerton, foremost high-speed photographer
S04061906 First animated cartoon copyrighted
S04061909 First credit union established in US
S04061909 North Pole reached by Americans Robert Peary and Matthew Henson
S04061917 US declares war on Germany (WWI)
S04061926 4 planes take off on first successful around-the-world flight.
S04061957 New York City ends trolley car service.
S04061965 Intelsat 1 ("Early Bird") first commercial geosynchronous
S04061965Ccommunications satellite
S04061973 Pioneer 11 launched to Jupiter and Saturn
R0407 7"Spring Forward" one hour at 2am for Daylight Savings Time.
B04071770 William Wordsworth, English poet laureate (The Prelude)
B04071859 Walter Camp, father of American football
B04071860 W K Kellogg, a real corn flake
B04071915 Billie Holiday, blues singer
S04071931 Seals Stadium opens.
B04071932 Mark Russell, satirist
S04071933 Prohibition ends. "Gimme a beer, Mac."
S04071948 World Health Organization is established.
S04071953 First jet transatlantic non-stop flight (west to east)
S04071959 NASA selects first seven astronauts
S04071959 Radar first bounced off sun, from Stanford California.
S0408 Kambutsue, celebration of Buddha's birthday, in Japan
S04081513 Ponce de Leon arrives in Florida.
B04081889 Sir Adrian Boult, conductor (BBC Symphony Orchestra)
B04081893 Mary Pickford, actress
B04081912 Sonja Henie, Oslo Norway, ice skater
S04081913 17th Amendment, requiring direct election of senators, ratified
S04081974 Hank Aaron hits 715th home run, beats Babe Ruth's record.
S04081986 Clint Eastwood elected mayor of Carmel, California.
B04091806 Isambard Kingdom Brunel, designer of first transatlantic steamer
B04091830 Eadweard Muybridge, pioneered study of motion in photography.
B04091830 Eadweard Muybridge, pioneered study of motion, photography
S04091831 Robert Jenkins loses an ear: war between Britain and Spain.
B04091865 Charles Proteus Steinmetz, electrician.
B04091865 Charles Proteus Steinmetz, electrical engineer
S04091865 Lee surrenders at Appomattox, ending Civil War.
B04091879 W.C. Fields, Philadelphian
B04091879 Claude William Dukinfield aka W.C. Fields, Phila
B04091919 John Presper Eckert, coinvented first electronic computer (ENIAC)
S04091953 TV Guide publishes their first issue.
S04091955 United Nations Charter hearing.
S04101790 US Patent system established
S04101825 First hotel in Hawaii opens.
S04101849 Safety pin is patented by Walter Hunt.
S04101866 ASPCA (Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) organized.
S04101878 California Street Cable Car Railroad Company starts service.
S04101882 Matson founds his shipping company (San Francisco and Hawaii)
B04101883 Kahlil Gibran, writer
S04101912 RMS Titanic sets sail for its first and last voyage
S04101930 Synthetic rubber first produced
S04101953 House of Wax, first 3-D movie, released in New York.
S04101960 Senate passes landmark Civil Rights Bill
B04101984 Zoe, first frozen-embryo child, in Melbourne, Australia
S0411 Barber Shop Quartet Day
S04111876 Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks organized.
B04111942 Anatoli Berezovoi, cosmonaut (Soyuz T-5)
S04111943 Frank Piasecki, flies his first single-rotor helicopter
S04111947 Jackie Robinson becomes first black in major league baseball.
S04111970 Apollo 13 launched to moon; unable to land, returns in 6 days
S04121204 4th Crusade sacks Constantinople
B04121777 Henry Clay, 'The Great Compromiser'
B04121791 Francis P. Blair, helped found the Republican Party.
S04121861 Fort Sumter, S. C., shelled by Confederacy, starts Civil War.
S04121877 British annex Transvaal, in South Africa
S04121898 Army transfers Yerba Buena Island to Navy.
B04121913 Lionel Hampton, orchestra leader and vibraphone improvisor
S04121933 Moffatt Field (Naval Air Station) is commissioned.
S04121938 First US law requiring medical tests for marriage licenses, NY
S04121955 Salk polio vaccine safe and effective; four billion dimes marched
S04121961 Cosmonaut Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin becomes first man in orbit.
S04121981 Maiden voyage Space Transit System-space shuttle Columbia.
B04131721 John Hanson, first US President under Articles of Confederation
B04131732 Frederick, Lord North, British Prime Minister (1770-82)
B04131743 Thomas Jefferson, 3rd President (1801-1809)
S04131796 First elephant brought to America
S04131829 English Parliament grants freedom of religion to Catholics
B04131852 F.W. Woolworth, the "five-and-ten" king.
B04131963 Gary Kasparov, world chess champion from USSR (1985- )
S04131976 $2 bill re-introduced as United States currency, failed again.
S0414 Pan American Day
S04141611 Word "telescope" is first used by Prince Federico Cesi
B04141629 Christian Huygens, discovered Saturn's rings, Titan
S04141817 First American school for deaf (Hartford, Conn)
S04141828 First edition of Noah Webster's dictionary is published.
S04141860 First Pony Express rider arrives in SF from St. Joseph, Missouri.
S04141865 Abraham Lincoln assassinated in Ford's Theater.
B04141889 Arnold Toynbee, historian
S04141894 First public showing of Edison's kinetoscope (moving pictures).
B04141904 Sir John Gielgud, actor (Arthur, Ages of Man)
S04141956 Ampex Co. demonstrates first commercial videotape recorder.
S04141971 Fort Point dedicated as first National Park in SF Bay Area.
S04141981 First Space Shuttle - Columbia 1 returns to Earth.
R0415 Income Taxes are due today. Keep the IRS happy...
B04151452 Leonardo da Vinci, visionary
S04151598 Edict of Nantes grants political rights to French Huguenots
B04151684 Catherine I, empress of Russia (1725-27)
B04151707 Leonhard Euler, mathematician
S04151790 First US patent law passed
S04151850 City of San Francisco incorporated.
B04151889 Thomas Hart Benton, American painter and muralist
S04151912 Titanic sinks in the North Atlantic at 2:20 AM.
S04151923 Insulin becomes generally available for diabetics.
S04151923 First talking picture is screened before a paying audience.
S04151955 Ray Kroc starts the McDonald's fast food restaurants.
S04151983 Tokyo Disneyland opens
B04161660 Hans Sloane, British physician/naturalist; founded British Museum
S04161705 Queen Anne of England knights Isaac Newton at Trinity College,
B04161844 Anatole France, writer, (Thaïs), Nobel Prize in 1921
S04161866 Nitroglycerine at the Wells Fargo and Co. office explodes.
B04161867 Wilbur Wright, of aeroplane fame
B04161889 Charlie Chaplin, tramp
S04161912 Harriet Quimby flies English Channel, first woman to do so
S04161917 Lenin returns to Russia to start Bolshevik Revolution
B04161947 Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, tall person
S04161972 Apollo 16 launched; 5th lunar landing at Decartes Highlands
S04171492 Christopher Columbus contracts with Spain to find the Indies.
S04171524 New York Harbor discovered by Giovanni Verrazano.
B04171837 John Pierpoint (JP) Morgan, financed the US.
B04171894 Nikita S Khrushchev, Soviet leader (1953-64)
S04171895 Treaty of Shimonoseki, ends first Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895).
B04171897 Thornton Wilder, American novelist, playwright (Our Town).
B04171911 Mikhail Botvinnik of USSR, world chess champion (1948-63)
B04171916 Sirimavo Bandaranaike, world's first woman PM (Sri Lanka)
S04171941 Office of Price Administration established (handled rationing)
S04171946 France grants Syria independence (Natl Day)
S04171961 Bay of Pigs, how not to run an invasion.
B04181480 Lucrezia Borgia, patron of the arts.
S04181775 'The British are Coming!' Paul Revere rides.
B04181820 Franz von Suppe, composer
B04181857 Clarence S Darrow, made evolution legal.
S04181868 San Francisco Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals born.
S04181869 First International Cricket Match, held in SF, won by Californian
S04181906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire, "The Big One"
S04181907 Fairmont Hotel opens.
S04181934 First "Washateria" (laundromat) is opened, in Fort Worth, Texas
S04181936 The Pan Am "Clipper" begins regular passenger flights from
S04181936CSan Francisco to Honolulu.
S04181946 League of Nations went out of business, replaced by UN
S04181949 Irish Republic comes into existence
S04181950 First transatlantic jet passenger trip
S04181978 U S Senate approves transfer of Panama Canal to Panama
S0419 Lyrid meteor shower, radiant in Hercules
S0419 Patriot's Day
S04191775 At Lexington Common, the shot 'heard round the world'.
S04191852 California Historical Society founded.
B04191877 Ole Evinrude, invented the outboard marine engine.
S04191892 Charles Duryea takes the first American-made auto out for a spin.
B04191932 Jayne Mansfield, actress
S04191934 Shirley Temple appears in her first movie, "Stand Up and Cheer"
S04191939 Connecticut approves the Bill of Rights (only 148 years late).
S04191967 US Surveyor III lands on moon
S0420 Lyrid meteor shower, radiant in Hercules
B0420 121 Marcus Aurelius, Roman emperor, philosopher
S04201775 British begin siege of Boston
B04201808 Louis-Napoleon (Napoleon III), emperor of France (1852-71)
B04201889 Adolf Hitler, Braunau Austria, dictator of Nazi Germany
B04201893 Harold Lloyd, silent comic (Why Worry, Safety Last), Burchard Neb
S04201902 Marie and Pierre Curie isolated radioactive element radium
S04201940 First electron microscope demonstrated, Philadelphia, Pa
S04201973 Canadian ANIK A2 became first commercial satellite in orbit
S04201978 Korean Air Lines 707 forced to land; violated Soviet airspace
S0421 Lyrid meteor shower, radiant in Hercules
S0421 753 BC - Rome founded.
B04211816 Charlotte Brontë, English novelist (Jane Eyre)
S04211828 Noah Webster publishes first American dictionary
B04211838 John Muir, naturalist.
S04211857 A. Douglas patents the bustle (it's all behind us now).
S04211862 Congress establishes US Mint in Denver, Colorado.
S04211892 First buffalo born in Golden Gate Park.
S04211898 Spanish American war begins (Remember the Maine).
B04211926 Queen Elizabeth II
S04211967 Svetlana Alliluyeva (Stalin's daughter) defected in NYC
S04211972 Orbiting Astronomical Observer 4 (Copernicus) is launched
S04211977 Broadway play "Annie" opens, first of 2377 performances
S04211983 Soyuz T-8 is launched
S04211984 Franz Weber of Austria skis downhill at a record 209.8 kph
S0422 Lyrid meteor shower, radiant in Hercules
S0422 Earth Day
B04221451 Isabella of Castile, patron of Columbus
S04221500 Pedro Alvarez Cabral discovers Brazil
S04221509 Henry VIII ascends to throne of England
S04221529 Spain & Portugal divide eastern hemisphere in Treaty of Saragossa
B04221724 Immanuel Kant, philosopher (Critique of Pure Reason)
S04221864 US Congress authorized "In God We Trust" on coinage
B04221870 Vladimir Ilich Lenin, Bolshevik
S04221889 Oklahoma land rush officially started; some were Sooner
B04221904 J. Robert Oppenheimer, physicist, nuclear pioneer.
B04221916 Yehudi Menuhin, violinist
S0423 Lyrid meteor shower, radiant in Hercules
S0423 National Secretary Day
B04231564 William Shakespeare, bard
B04231791 James Buchanan, 15th President (1857-1861)
B04231813 Stephen Douglas, the "Little Giant", debated Lincoln
S04231871 Blossom Rock in San Francisco Bay blown up.
B04231891 Sergei Prokofiev, composer
B04231928 Shirley Temple, child
B04231943 Herve Villechaize "Da Plane, Boss! Da Plane!"
S04231949 Courtesy Mail Boxes for motorists started in San Francisco.
S04231962 First US satellite to reach moon launched from Cape Canaveral
S04231965 Launch of first Soviet communications satelite
S04231967 Soyuz 1 launched, Vladimir Komarov becomes 1st inflight casualty
S04231972 Apollo 16 astronauts explores Moon surface
B04241620 John Graunt, statistician, founded the science of demography
S04241800 Library of Congress founded with a $5000 allocation.
B04241815 Anthony Trollope, England, novelist (Barchester Towers)
S04241865 SF Fire Alarm and Police Telegraph system put into operation.
S04241934 Wind gusts reach 372 kph at Mt Washington, NH
B04241942 Barbra Streisand, profile
S04241953 Winston Churchill knighted by Queen Elizabeth II
S04241962 MIT sends TV signal by satellite for first time: CA to MA
S04241970 China launchs first satellite, transmitting song "East is Red".
S04241981 The IBM Personal Computer (PC) is introduced.
S04241990 Hubble Space Telescope put into orbit by shuttle Discovery.
S0425 Arbor Day. Plant a tree.
B04251599 Oliver Cromwell, British Puritan reformer, roundhead
B04251874 Guglielmo Marconi, Bologna Italy, invented radio, (Nobel 1909)
S04251901 New York becomes first state requiring license plates for cars
B04251908 Edward R. Murrow, set the standard for TV correspondents.
S04251945 United Nations Conference starts.
S04251957 First experimental sodium nuclear reactor is operated.
S04251959 St Lawrence Seaway opens to shipping
S04251961 Mercury/Atlas rocket lifted off with an electronic mannequin.
S04251961 Robert Noyce granted a patent for the integrated circuit.
S04251972 Glider pilot Hans Grosse flies a record 1461 km
S04251975 First Boeing Jetfoil service, Hong Kong to Macao.
S04261607 First British to establish an American colony land at Cape Henry.
S04261777 16 year old Sybil Ludington rode from NY to CT rallying her
S04261777Cfather's militia to fight British in Danbury.
B04261785 John James Audubon, birdwatcher
B04261875 Syngman Rhee South Korean statesman
B04261888 Aleksandr Mikhailov, USSR astronomer
B04261895 Rudolf Hess, Hitler's deputy Fuerher
B04261900 Charles Richter, he tells us how bad the quakes are.
B04261916 Morris L West, Australian novelist (Shoes of the Fisherman)
B04261917 I.M. Pei, architect
S04261920 Shapley and Curtis hold the "Great Debate" on nature of nebulae.
S04261954 Nationwide test of the Salk anti-polio begins.
S04261962 US/UK launched Ariel; first Intl payload.
S04261971 San Francisco Lightship replaced by automatic buoy.
S04261986 Chernobyl - world's worst nuclear power plant disaster.
S0427 Union Day, celebrated in Tanzania.
S04271565 First Spanish settlement in Phillipines, Cebu City.
B04271791 Samuel F. B. Morse, dit-dah-dit
B04271820 Herbert Spencer, English Victorian philosopher
B04271822 Ulyssses S. Grant, 18th President (1869-1877)
B04271896 Wallace Hume Carothers, invented nylon.
S04271897 Grant's Tomb (famed of song and legend) is dedicated.
B04271900 Walter Lantz, Woody Woodpecker's creator
B04271927 Coretta Scott King, civil rights activist
S04271937 US Social Security system makes its first benefit payment.
S04271945 Founding of the Second Republic, in Austria.
S04271946 First radar installation aboard a commercial ship installed.
S04271960 First atomic-electric drive submarine launched (Tullibee).
S04271986 Captain Midnight (John R MacDougall) interrupts HBO.
S04274977 BC - Johannes Kepler's date for creation of universe.
S0428 Kiss Your Mate Day
S0428 585 War between Lydia and Media is ended by a solar eclipse.
B04281442 Edward IV, king of England (1461-70, 1471-83)
S04281686 First volume of Isaac Newton's PRINCIPIA is published.
S04281754 Mutiny on the HMS Bounty occurs.
B04281758 James Monroe, 5th President (1816-1824)
B04281900 Jan Hendrik Oort, Dutch astronomer, (Oort Cloud)
S04281914 W. H. Carrier patents air conditioner.
S04281919 First successful parachute jump is made.
S04281942 "WW II" titled so, as result of Gallup Poll.
S04281947 Thor Heyerdahl and Kon-Tiki sail from Peru to Polynesia.
S04281952 WW II Pacific peace treaty takes effect.
S04281974 Last Americans evacuated from Saigon.
S04281977 Christopher Boyce convicted for selling satellite secrets.
S0429 The Emperor's Birthday, celebrated in Japan.
S04291429 Joan of Arc leads Orleans, France, to victory over English.
B04291818 Alexander II, Tsar of all Russia (1855-81)
B04291830 Adolph Sutro, SF mayor, built Cliff House, railways, tunnels...
B04291854 Henri Poincaré, French mathematician, astronomer, philosopher
B04291863 William Randolph Hearst, newspaper publisher, Castle Builder
B04291899 Duke Ellington, musician
B04291901 Emperor Hirohito of Japan (1926-1990)
S04291913 Gideon Sundback of Hoboken NJ patents the zipper.
B04291936 Zubin Mehta, conductor
S04291971 Salyut 1, world's First space station, launched into earth orbit.
S0430 Walpurgis Night - Witches' Sabbath
B04301777 Carl Friedrich Gauss, mathematician.
S04301789 George Washington inaugurated as first president of the US
S04301798 Department of the Navy established.
S04301803 US more than doubles its size thru the Louisiana Purchase.
B04301870 Franz Lehar, composer, (Merry Widow, Rose de Noel)
S04301900 Hawaii becomes a US Territory
B04301912 Eve Arden, Our Miss Brooks
S04301939 NBC/RCA make first US demo of TV at opening of NY World's Fair.
S04301942 First submarine built on the Great Lakes launched,
S04301942Cthe "Peto", from Manitowoc, Wisconsin.
S04301947 Boulder Dam renamed in honor of Herbert Hoover
S04301948 Organization of American States (OAS) charter signed in Bogotá.
S04301973 Nixon announces resigtration of Haldeman, Ehrlichman, et al
S04301975 US forces evacuated Vietnam; Saigon surrenders
S04301980 Terrorists seize Iranian Embassy in London